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Virtualization
OpenStack
A full open-source cloud computing platform (IaaS) providing compute, storage, and networking for private and public clouds.
Apache CloudStack
A mature open-source cloud orchestration platform for deploying and managing VMs, networks, and templates.
Proxmox
An open-source virtualization management platform combining Proxmox VE, Proxmox Backup Server, and Proxmox Mail Gateway. It provides complete infrastructure solutions.
Canonical
The company behind Ubuntu, providing enterprise-grade solutions for cloud (Charmed OpenStack, MicroCloud), Kubernetes, AI/ML, security (Ubuntu Pro), and virtualization (WSL).
Comparison
| Feature | OpenStack | Apache CloudStack | Proxmox | Canonical |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Use | Full IaaS cloud (VMs, networking, storage) | Cloud orchestration & VM management | Virtualization, container orchestration, backup, email gateway | Cloud infrastructure, Kubernetes, virtualization, AI, and enterprise-grade Ubuntu support |
| Ease of Use | Complex – enterprise-grade | Moderate – easier than OpenStack | Easier to set up than OpenStack, intuitive web UI | Moderate – depends on product (OpenStack, Kubernetes, WSL require expertise) |
| Scope | Full private/public cloud stack | VM and network orchestration | Virtualization + containers + backup + mail security | Wide scope: Cloud, Kubernetes, AI/ML, Virtualization (WSL), Security (Ubuntu Pro) |
| Best For | Enterprises, telcos, large cloud providers | SMBs & enterprises needing orchestration | SMBs, enterprises, and hosting providers looking for an all-in-one virtualization solution | Enterprises & developers needing multi-domain solutions (cloud, virtualization, security, AI) |
| Community/Support | Very large, global open-source community | Active but smaller community | Strong open-source community + paid enterprise support | Large community, backed by Canonical enterprise support (subscription-based) |
| License | Apache License 2.0 | Apache License 2.0 | GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL v3) | Varies (Ubuntu is GPL; Ubuntu Pro and enterprise services are subscription-based) |
| Strengths | Highly scalable, modular, proven cloud platform | Easier setup than OpenStack, stable orchestration | All-in-one package: virtualization + backup + email + containers | Wide portfolio: Cloud, Kubernetes, AI, virtualization, long-term security & compliance support |
| Limitations | Steeper learning curve, heavy resource usage | Less modular than OpenStack, smaller ecosystem | Smaller ecosystem compared to OpenStack/Canonical; focused on infra not app orchestration | Relies on subscriptions for full enterprise features; some tools complex for SMBs |